Annie Hopper Program' title='Annie Hopper Program' />Download Update. Star Update. Star. Download the. free trial version below to get started. Annie Hopper Program' title='Annie Hopper Program' />Double click the downloaded file. Neo Contact Font. Update. Star is compatible with Windows platforms. Update. Star has been tested to meet all of the technical requirements to be compatible with. Zafira B Haynes Manual. Windows 1. 0, 8. 1, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, Windows Server 2. Windows. XP, 3. 2 bit and 6. Simply double click the downloaded file to install it. Update. Star Free and Update. Star Premium come with the same installer. Update. Star includes support for many languages such as English, German, French, Italian, Hungarian, Russian and many more. You can choose your language settings from within the program. Grace Hopper Wikipedia. Grace Murray Hopper. Rear Admiral Grace M. BibMe Free Bibliography Citation Maker MLA, APA, Chicago, Harvard. Emergency Food And Shelter Program Ray Mears Stories. Top 10 Survival Skills You Need to Know EMERGENCY FOOD AND SHELTER PROGRAM Step By Step. An HTML version of the program for the East Forsyth NC Senior High School Class of 1979 graduation. Comprehensive list of support services in USA and Canada for grieving children and teens whose loved one has died or was killed. Arranged by state. Click Above Link for J B and Sally Johnson Obituaries. Hopewell Cemetery Gleason, TN. The oldest section of what is now the Hopewell Cemetery dates back into the. Annie Hopper Program' title='Annie Hopper Program' />Hopper, 1. NicknamesAmazing GraceBorn1. December 9, 1. 90. New York City, New York, U. S. Died. January 1, 1. Arlington, Virginia, U. S. Place of burial. Arlington National Cemetery. Allegiance United States of America. Servicebranch United States Navy. Years of service. Rank. Rear admiral lower halfAwards. Defense Distinguished Service Medal. Legion of Merit. Meritorious Service Medal. American Campaign Medal. Psp Firmware 3.71M33 on this page. World War II Victory Medal. National Defense Service Medal. Armed Forces Reserve Medal with two Hourglass Devices. Naval Reserve Medal. Presidential Medal of Freedom posthumousGrace Brewster Murray Hopper ne Murray December 9, 1. January 1, 1. 99. American computer scientist and United States Navyrear admiral. One of the first programmers of the Harvard Mark I computer, she was a pioneer of computer programming who invented one of the first compiler related tools. She popularized the idea of machine independent programming languages, which led to the development of COBOL, an early high level programming language still in use today. Hopper had attempted to enlist in the Navy during World War II, but she was rejected by the military because she was 3. She instead joined the Navy Reserves. Hopper began her computing career when she worked on the Harvard Mark I team that was led by Howard H. Aiken. In 1. 94. 9, she joined the EckertMauchly Computer Corporation and was part of the development team that designed the UNIVAC I computer in 1. It was at EckertMauchly that she began developing the compiler. She believed that computer code could be written in English by using a programming language that was based on English words. The compiler would convert that code into machine code that would be understood by computers. By 1. 95. 2, Hopper finished her compiler, which was written for the A 0 System programming language. In 1. EckertMauchly chose Hopper to lead their department for automatic programming, and she led the release of some of the first compiled languages like FLOW MATIC. In 1. 95. 9, she participated in the CODASYL consortium, which consulted Hopper to guide them in creating a machine independent programming language. This led to the COBOL language, which was inspired by her idea of a language being based on English words. In 1. 96. 6, she retired from the Naval Reserve, but in 1. Navy recalled her to active duty. She retired from the Navy in 1. Digital Equipment Corporation, sharing her computing experiences. Owing to her accomplishments and her naval rank, she was sometimes referred to as Amazing Grace. The U. S. Navy Arleigh Burke class guided missile destroyer USS Hopper was named for her, as was the Cray XE6 Hopper supercomputer at NERSC. During her lifetime, Hopper was awarded 4. A college at Yale University is named in her honor. In 1. 99. 1, she received the National Medal of Technology. On November 2. 2, 2. Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Barack Obama. Early life and educationeditHopper was born in New York City. She was the eldest of three children. Her parents, Walter Fletcher Murray and Mary Campbell Van Horne, were of Scottish and Dutch descent, and attended West End Collegiate Church. Her great grandfather, Alexander Wilson Russell, an admiral in the US Navy, fought in the Battle of Mobile Bay during the Civil War. Grace was very curious as a child this was a lifelong trait. At the age of seven, she decided to determine how an alarm clock worked and dismantled seven alarm clocks before her mother realized what she was doing she was then limited to one clock. For her preparatory school education, she attended the Hartridge School in Plainfield, New Jersey. Hopper was initially rejected for early admission to Vassar College at age 1. Latin were too low, but she was admitted the following year. She graduated Phi Beta Kappa from Vassar in 1. Yale University in 1. In 1. 93. 4, she earned a Ph. D. in mathematics from Yale1. Ore. 1. 31. 4 Her dissertation, New Types of Irreducibility Criteria, was published that same year. Hopper began teaching mathematics at Vassar in 1. She was married to New York University professor Vincent Foster Hopper 1. She did not marry again, but chose to retain his surname. World War IIedit. Hoppers signatures on a duty officer signup sheet for the Bureau of Ships Computation Project at Harvard, which built and operated the Mark IHopper had tried to enlist in the Navy early in World War II. She was rejected for multiple reasons. At age 3. 4, she was too old to enlist, and her weight to height ratio was too low. She was also denied on the basis that her job as a mathematician and mathematics professor at Vassar College was valuable to the war effort. During the war in 1. Hopper obtained a leave of absence from Vassar and was sworn into the United States Navy Reserve she was one of many women who volunteered to serve in the WAVES. She had to get an exemption to enlist she was 1. Navy minimum weight of 1. She reported in December and trained at the Naval Reserve Midshipmens School at Smith College in Northampton, Massachusetts. Hopper graduated first in her class in 1. Bureau of Ships Computation Project at Harvard University as a lieutenant, junior grade. She served on the Mark I computer programming staff headed by Howard H. Aiken. Hopper and Aiken co authored three papers on the Mark I, also known as the Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator. Hoppers request to transfer to the regular Navy at the end of the war was declined due to her advanced age of 3. She continued to serve in the Navy Reserve. Hopper remained at the Harvard Computation Lab until 1. Vassar in favor of working as a research fellow under a Navy contract at Harvard. Hopper in a computer room in Washington DC, 1. Lynn Gilbert. In 1. Hopper became an employee of the EckertMauchly Computer Corporation as a senior mathematician and joined the team developing the UNIVAC I. Hopper also served as UNIVAC director of Automatic Programming Development for Remington Rand. The UNIVAC was the first known large scale electronic computer to be on the market in 1. Mark I. 2. 0When Hopper recommended the development a new programming language that would use entirely English words, she was told very quickly that she couldnt do this because computers didnt understand English. Her idea was not accepted for 3 years, and she published her first paper on the subject, compilers, in 1. In the early 1. 95. Remington Rand corporation, and it was while she was working for them that her original compiler work was done. The program was known as the A compiler and its first version was A 0. In 1. 95. 2 she had an operational link loader, which at the time was referred to as a compiler. She later said that Nobody believed that, and that she had a running compiler and nobody would touch it. They told me computers could only do arithmetic. She goes on to say that her compiler translated mathematical notation into machine code. Manipulating symbols was fine for mathematicians but it was no good for data processors who were not symbol manipulators. Very few people are really symbol manipulators. If they are they become professional mathematicians, not data processors. Its much easier for most people to write an English statement than it is to use symbols.